1699 - 1782
Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal and 1st Count of Oeiras (13 May 1699 – 8 May 1782), known as the Marquis of Pombal (Marquês de Pombal; Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐɾˈkeʒ ðɨ põˈbal]), was a Portuguese despotic statesman and diplomat who effectively ruled the Portuguese Empire from 1750 to 1777 as chief minister to King Joseph I. A strong promoter of the absolute power and influenced by the Age of Enlightenment, Pombal led Portugal's recovery from the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and reformed the kingdom's administrative, economic, and ecclesiastical institutions. During his lengthy ministerial career, Pombal accumulated and exercised autocratic power. His cruel persecution of the Portuguese lower classes led him to be known as “Nero of Trafaria”, a village he ordered to be burned with all its inhabitants inside, after refusing to follow his orders. Read more on Wikipedia
Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal has received more than 395,515 page views. His biography is available in 36 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 33 in 2019). Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal is the 2,515th most popular politician (down from 2,510th in 2019), the 66th most popular biography from Portugal (up from 68th in 2019) and the 40th most popular Portuguese Politician.
Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal, was a Portuguese statesman who was the effective ruler of Portugal from 1750 to 1777. His policies have been characterized as enlightened despotism. He was responsible for the destruction of the power of the aristocracy, and for significant economic development.
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Among politicians, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal ranks 2,515 out of 15,577. Before him are Antiochus VII Sidetes, José Manuel Barroso, Julius Schreck, Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Empress Suiko. After him are Guntram, Seleucus IV Philopator, Yazdegerd I, Artur Axmann, Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, and Sogdianus of Persia.
159 BC - 129 BC
HPI: 63.53
Rank: 2,509
1956 - Present
HPI: 63.53
Rank: 2,510
1898 - 1936
HPI: 63.52
Rank: 2,511
1631 - 1660
HPI: 63.52
Rank: 2,512
1642 - 1723
HPI: 63.52
Rank: 2,513
554 - 628
HPI: 63.52
Rank: 2,514
1699 - 1782
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 2,515
532 - 592
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 2,516
217 BC - 175 BC
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 2,517
400 - 421
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 2,518
1913 - 1996
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 2,519
1635 - 1676
HPI: 63.49
Rank: 2,520
500 BC - 423 BC
HPI: 63.48
Rank: 2,521
Among people born in 1699, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal ranks 5. Before him are Osman III, Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, Christian VI of Denmark, and Maria Josepha of Austria. After him are Johann Adolph Hasse, Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin, Anna Leszczyńska, Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff, Mastani, Alamgir II, and Bernard de Jussieu. Among people deceased in 1782, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal ranks 7. Before him are Daniel Bernoulli, Farinelli, Johann Christian Bach, Anne Bonny, Pietro Metastasio, and Jacques de Vaucanson. After him are Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, Taksin, Ange-Jacques Gabriel, Anna Göldi, Sophie of France, and Andreas Sigismund Marggraf.
1699 - 1757
HPI: 73.83
Rank: 1
1699 - 1779
HPI: 69.40
Rank: 2
1699 - 1746
HPI: 67.24
Rank: 3
1699 - 1757
HPI: 65.87
Rank: 4
1699 - 1782
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 5
1699 - 1783
HPI: 62.38
Rank: 6
1699 - 1777
HPI: 56.97
Rank: 7
1699 - 1717
HPI: 56.95
Rank: 8
1699 - 1753
HPI: 56.62
Rank: 9
1699 - 1740
HPI: 54.24
Rank: 10
1699 - 1759
HPI: 52.54
Rank: 11
1699 - 1777
HPI: 51.15
Rank: 12
1700 - 1782
HPI: 75.57
Rank: 1
1705 - 1782
HPI: 73.85
Rank: 2
1735 - 1782
HPI: 72.93
Rank: 3
1702 - 1782
HPI: 68.37
Rank: 4
1698 - 1782
HPI: 65.12
Rank: 5
1709 - 1782
HPI: 64.00
Rank: 6
1699 - 1782
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 7
1720 - 1782
HPI: 62.62
Rank: 8
1734 - 1782
HPI: 62.37
Rank: 9
1698 - 1782
HPI: 60.55
Rank: 10
1734 - 1782
HPI: 59.84
Rank: 11
1734 - 1782
HPI: 59.63
Rank: 12
1709 - 1782
HPI: 57.77
Rank: 13
Among people born in Portugal, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal ranks 66 out of 555. Before him are Aníbal Cavaco Silva (1939), Diogo Cão (1440), Jorge Sampaio (1939), Carmen Miranda (1909), Catherine of Braganza (1638), and José Manuel Barroso (1956). After him are Isaac Abarbanel (1437), Constance of Aragon (1179), Peter III of Portugal (1717), Barbara of Portugal (1711), Diego Columbus (1479), and Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy (1397).
1939 - Present
HPI: 64.34
Rank: 60
1440 - 1486
HPI: 64.31
Rank: 61
1939 - 2021
HPI: 64.26
Rank: 62
1909 - 1955
HPI: 63.92
Rank: 63
1638 - 1705
HPI: 63.56
Rank: 64
1956 - Present
HPI: 63.53
Rank: 65
1699 - 1782
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 66
1437 - 1508
HPI: 63.45
Rank: 67
1179 - 1222
HPI: 63.41
Rank: 68
1717 - 1786
HPI: 63.12
Rank: 69
1711 - 1758
HPI: 63.03
Rank: 70
1479 - 1527
HPI: 62.90
Rank: 71
1397 - 1471
HPI: 62.87
Rank: 72
Among politicians born in Portugal, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal ranks 40. Before him are Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress (1434), Afonso II of Portugal (1185), Aníbal Cavaco Silva (1939), Jorge Sampaio (1939), Catherine of Braganza (1638), and José Manuel Barroso (1956). After him are Peter III of Portugal (1717), Barbara of Portugal (1711), Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy (1397), Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (1887), Sancho II of Portugal (1209), and João Manuel, Prince of Portugal (1537).
1434 - 1467
HPI: 64.46
Rank: 34
1185 - 1223
HPI: 64.45
Rank: 35
1939 - Present
HPI: 64.34
Rank: 36
1939 - 2021
HPI: 64.26
Rank: 37
1638 - 1705
HPI: 63.56
Rank: 38
1956 - Present
HPI: 63.53
Rank: 39
1699 - 1782
HPI: 63.51
Rank: 40
1717 - 1786
HPI: 63.12
Rank: 41
1711 - 1758
HPI: 63.03
Rank: 42
1397 - 1471
HPI: 62.87
Rank: 43
1887 - 1908
HPI: 62.52
Rank: 44
1209 - 1248
HPI: 62.24
Rank: 45
1537 - 1554
HPI: 61.93
Rank: 46