The Most Famous

PSYCHOLOGISTS from Germany

This page contains a list of the greatest German Psychologists. The pantheon dataset contains 235 Psychologists, 20 of which were born in Germany. This makes Germany the birth place of the 2nd most number of Psychologists.

Top 10

The following people are considered by Pantheon to be the top 10 most legendary German Psychologists of all time. This list of famous German Psychologists is sorted by HPI (Historical Popularity Index), a metric that aggregates information on a biography’s online popularity. Visit the rankings page to view the entire list of German Psychologists.

1. Erich Fromm (1900 - 1980)

With an HPI of 76.71, Erich Fromm is the most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 70 different languages on wikipedia.

Erich Seligmann Fromm (; German: [fʁɔm]; March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was a German Jew who fled the Nazi regime and settled in the United States. He was one of the founders of The William Alanson White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology in New York City and was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.

2. Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920)

With an HPI of 76.39, Wilhelm Wundt is the 2nd most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 76 different languages.

Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (; German: [vʊnt]; 16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, one of the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology, was the first person to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the "father of experimental psychology". In 1879, at the University of Leipzig, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research. This marked psychology as an independent field of study. He also established the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1883 to 1903), followed by Psychologische Studien (from 1905 to 1917), to publish the institute's research. A survey published in American Psychologist in 1991 ranked Wundt's reputation as first for "all-time eminence", based on ratings provided by 29 American historians of psychology. William James and Sigmund Freud were ranked a distant second and third.

3. Erik Erikson (1902 - 1994)

With an HPI of 73.69, Erik Erikson is the 3rd most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 59 different languages.

Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was an American child psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. He coined the phrase identity crisis. Despite lacking a university degree, Erikson served as a professor at prominent institutions, including Harvard, University of California, Berkeley, and Yale. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Erikson as the 12th most eminent psychologist of the 20th century.

4. Karen Horney (1885 - 1952)

With an HPI of 68.92, Karen Horney is the 4th most famous German Psychologist. Her biography has been translated into 52 different languages.

Karen Horney (; née Danielsen; 16 September 1885 – 4 December 1952) was a German psychoanalyst who practiced in the United States during her later career. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views. This was particularly true of her theories of sexuality and of the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis. She is credited with founding feminist psychology in response to Freud's theory of penis envy. She disagreed with Freud about inherent differences in the psychology of men and women, and like Adler, she traced such differences to society and culture rather than biology.

5. Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850 - 1909)

With an HPI of 68.72, Hermann Ebbinghaus is the 5th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 44 different languages.

Hermann Ebbinghaus (24 January 1850 – 26 February 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory. Ebbinghaus discovered the forgetting curve and the spacing effect. He was the first person to describe the learning curve. He was the father of the neo-Kantian philosopher Julius Ebbinghaus.

6. Hans Eysenck (1916 - 1997)

With an HPI of 66.44, Hans Eysenck is the 6th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 53 different languages.

Hans Jürgen Eysenck ( EYE-zenk; 4 March 1916 – 4 September 1997) was a German-born British psychologist. He is best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, although he worked on other issues in psychology. At the time of his death, Eysenck was the most frequently cited living psychologist in the peer-reviewed scientific journal literature. Eysenck's research purported to show that certain personality types had an elevated risk of cancer and heart disease. Scholars have identified errors and suspected data manipulation in Eysenck's work, and large replications have failed to confirm the relationships that he purported to find. An enquiry on behalf of King's College London found the papers by Eysenck coauthored with Ronald Grossarth-Maticek to be "incompatible with modern clinical science", with 26 of the joint papers considered "unsafe". Fourteen papers were retracted in 2020, and over 60 statements of concern were issued by scientific journals in 2020 about publications by Eysenck. David Marks and Rod Buchanan, a biographer of Eysenck, have argued that 87 publications by Eysenck should be retracted. During his life, Eysenck's claims about IQ scores and race, first published in 1971, were a significant source of controversy. Eysenck claimed that IQ scores were influenced by genetic differences between racial groups. Eysenck's beliefs on race have been discredited by subsequent research, and are no longer accepted as part of mainstream science.

7. Kurt Koffka (1886 - 1941)

With an HPI of 63.84, Kurt Koffka is the 7th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 33 different languages.

Kurt Koffka (March 12, 1886 – November 22, 1941) was a German psychologist and professor. He was born and educated in Berlin, Germany; he died in Northampton, Massachusetts, from coronary thrombosis. He was influenced by his maternal uncle, a biologist, to pursue science. He had many interests including visual perception, brain damage, sound localization, developmental psychology, and experimental psychology. He worked alongside Max Wertheimer and Wolfgang Köhler to develop Gestalt psychology. Koffka had several publications including "The Growth of the Mind: An Introduction to Child Psychology" (1924) and "The Principles of Gestalt Psychology" (1935) which elaborated on his research.

8. Fritz Perls (1893 - 1970)

With an HPI of 63.37, Fritz Perls is the 8th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 29 different languages.

Friedrich Salomon Perls (July 8, 1893 – March 14, 1970), better known as Fritz Perls, was a German-born psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and psychotherapist. Perls coined the term "Gestalt therapy" to identify the form of psychotherapy that he developed with his wife, Laura Perls, in the 1940s and 1950s. Perls became associated with the Esalen Institute in 1964 and lived there until 1969. The core of the Gestalt therapy process is enhanced awareness of sensation, perception, bodily feelings, emotion, and behavior, in the present moment. Relationship is emphasized, along with contact between the self, its environment, and the other.

9. Karl Abraham (1877 - 1925)

With an HPI of 62.61, Karl Abraham is the 9th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 33 different languages.

Karl Abraham (German: [ˈaːbʁaham]; 3 May 1877 – 25 December 1925) was an influential German psychoanalyst, and a collaborator of Sigmund Freud, who called him his 'best pupil'.

10. Ernst Kretschmer (1888 - 1964)

With an HPI of 62.14, Ernst Kretschmer is the 10th most famous German Psychologist. His biography has been translated into 26 different languages.

Ernst Kretschmer (8 October 1888 – 8 February 1964) was a German psychiatrist who researched the human constitution and established a typology.

People

Pantheon has 23 people classified as German psychologists born between 1795 and 1950. Of these 23, 1 (4.35%) of them are still alive today. The most famous living German psychologists include Uta Frith. The most famous deceased German psychologists include Erich Fromm, Wilhelm Wundt, and Erik Erikson. As of April 2024, 3 new German psychologists have been added to Pantheon including Johannes Heinrich Schultz, Laura Perls, and Hans-Werner Gessmann.