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The Most Famous

PHYSICIANS from Russia

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This page contains a list of the greatest Russian Physicians. The pantheon dataset contains 502 Physicians, 11 of which were born in Russia. This makes Russia the birth place of the 12th most number of Physicians behind Japan and Spain.

Top 10

The following people are considered by Pantheon to be the top 10 most legendary Russian Physicians of all time. This list of famous Russian Physicians is sorted by HPI (Historical Popularity Index), a metric that aggregates information on a biography’s online popularity. Visit the rankings page to view the entire list of Russian Physicians.

Photo of Leonid Rogozov

1. Leonid Rogozov (1934 - 2000)

With an HPI of 60.13, Leonid Rogozov is the most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 24 different languages on wikipedia.

Leonid Ivanovich Rogozov (Russian: Леони́д Ива́нович Ро́гозов; 14 March 1934 – 21 September 2000) was a Soviet general practitioner who took part in the sixth Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1960–1961. In April 1961 he had developed appendicitis while at Novolazarevskaya Station, and being the only medical professional there at the time, had to perform his own appendectomy.

Photo of Eugene Botkin

2. Eugene Botkin (1865 - 1918)

With an HPI of 54.94, Eugene Botkin is the 2nd most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 19 different languages.

Yevgeny Sergeyevich Botkin (Russian: Евгений Сергеевич Боткин; 27 March 1865 – 17 July 1918), commonly known as Eugene Botkin, was the court physician since 1908 for Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra. He sometimes treated the Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich of Russia for haemophilia-related complications, like in Spala in 1912. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Botkin went into exile with the Romanov family, accompanying them to Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg in Siberia. He was murdered with the Imperial family by guards on 17 July 1918. Like the Romanov family, Botkin was canonised in 1981 as a New Martyr by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia. In 2000, the Russian Orthodox Church canonised the Romanov family as passion bearers. On 3 February 2016, the Bishop's Council of the Russian Orthodox Church canonised Botkin as Righteous Passion-Bearer Yevgeny the Physician.

Photo of Nikolai Korotkov

3. Nikolai Korotkov (1874 - 1920)

With an HPI of 52.97, Nikolai Korotkov is the 3rd most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 17 different languages.

Nikolai Sergeyevich Korotkov, also Korotkoff (Russian: Никола́й Серге́евич Коротко́в; 26 February [O.S. 14 February] 1874 – 14 March 1920) was a Russian surgeon, a pioneer of 20th-century vascular surgery, and the inventor of auscultatory technique for blood pressure measurement.

Photo of Vladimir Filatov

4. Vladimir Filatov (1875 - 1956)

With an HPI of 51.20, Vladimir Filatov is the 4th most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 16 different languages.

Vladimir Petrovich Filatov (Russian: Владимир Петрович Филaтoв, 27 February [O.S. 15 February] 1875 – 30 October 1956) was a Russian Empire and Soviet ophthalmologist and surgeon best known for his development of tissue therapy. He introduced the tube flap grafting method, corneal transplantation and preservation of grafts from cadaver eyes. He founded the Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy in Odessa, Soviet Union (today Ukraine). Filatov is also credited for restoring Vasily Zaytsev's sight when he suffered an injury to his eyes from a mortar attack during Battle of Stalingrad. The first corneal transplantation was attempted by Filatov on 28 February 1912, but the graft grew opaque. After numerous attempts over the course of many years, Filatov achieved a successful transplantation of cornea from a diseased person on 6 May 1931. Throughout his life, Filatov made no secret of the fact that he was a faithful Orthodox Christian. The Communist Party honoured him for his medical work, but pretended not to notice his faith. A large group of official representatives from the Kremlin came for his funeral, which was to be a majestic affair, ending with the bier being burned. His widow asked that his will be read out in front of everyone. He asked for an Orthodox funeral conducted by a bishop, and he wanted to be buried, with the tomb stone proclaiming "I look for the resurrection of the dead." The Kremlin gave permission for his wishes to be fulfilled. After Filatov's death in 1956, his apprentice Nadezhda Puchkovskaya led the Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy in Odessa, which was renamed in honour of Filatov as The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy.

Photo of Yevgeniy Chazov

5. Yevgeniy Chazov (1929 - 2021)

With an HPI of 50.33, Yevgeniy Chazov is the 5th most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 17 different languages.

Yevgeniy Ivanovich Chazov (Russian: Евгений Иванович Чазов; 10 June 1929 – 12 November 2021) was a physician of the Soviet Union and Russia, specializing in cardiology, Chief of the Fourth Directorate of the ministry of health, academic of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, a recipient of numerous awards and decorations, Soviet, Russian, and foreign.

Photo of Sergey Botkin

6. Sergey Botkin (1832 - 1889)

With an HPI of 49.23, Sergey Botkin is the 6th most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 18 different languages.

Sergey Petrovich Botkin (Russian: Серге́й Петро́вич Бо́ткин; 5 September 1832 – 12 December 1889) was a famous Russian clinician, therapist, and activist, one of the founders of modern Russian medical science and education. He introduced triage, pathological anatomy, and post mortem diagnostics into Russian medical practice.

Photo of Nikolay Burdenko

7. Nikolay Burdenko (1876 - 1946)

With an HPI of 47.79, Nikolay Burdenko is the 7th most famous Russian Physician.  Her biography has been translated into 17 different languages.

Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko (Russian: Николай Нилович Бурденко; 22 May [O.S. 3 June] 1876 – 11 November 1946) was a Russian and Soviet surgeon, the founder of Russian neurosurgery. He was Surgeon-General of the Red Army (1937–1946), an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (from 1939), an academician and the first director of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1944–1946), a Hero of Socialist Labor (from 1943), Colonel General of medical services, and a Stalin Prize winner (1941). He was a veteran of the Russo-Japanese War, First World War, Winter War and the German-Soviet War.

Photo of Nadezhda Suslova

8. Nadezhda Suslova (1843 - 1918)

With an HPI of 47.23, Nadezhda Suslova is the 8th most famous Russian Physician.  Her biography has been translated into 16 different languages.

Nadezhda Prokofyevna Suslova (Russian: Надежда Прокофьевна Суслова; 1 September 1843 – 20 April 1918) was Russia's first woman medical doctor and the sister of Polina Suslova. She worked as a gynecologist in Nizhny Novgorod, and was involved in many charity efforts.

Photo of Arkady Vorobyov

9. Arkady Vorobyov (1924 - 2012)

With an HPI of 45.62, Arkady Vorobyov is the 9th most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 18 different languages.

Arkady Nikitich Vorobyov (Russian: Аркадий Никитич Воробьёв; 3 October 1924 – 22 December 2012) was a Soviet and Russian weightlifter, weightlifting coach, scientist and writer. He competed at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and won one bronze and two gold medals. Between 1950 and 1960 he set 16 official world records. Later for many years he led the national team and the Soviet weightlifting program. In 1995 he was inducted into the International Weightlifting Federation Hall of Fame.

Photo of Peter Lesgaft

10. Peter Lesgaft (1837 - 1909)

With an HPI of 45.60, Peter Lesgaft is the 10th most famous Russian Physician.  His biography has been translated into 16 different languages.

Peter Franzevich Lesgaft (Russian: Пётр Францевич Лесгафт; 21 September 1837 – 1909) was a Russian teacher, anatomist, physician and social reformer. He was the founder of the modern system of physical education and medical-pedagogical control in physical training, one of founders of theoretical anatomy. Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health in St. Petersburg is named after him. Unity and integrity of all organs in human body was the basis of Peter Lesgaft system of the pointed exercises for both physical development and intellectual, moral and aesthetic education. Outdoor games were his favorite means in both physical development and formation of character of a child.

People

Pantheon has 11 people classified as physicians born between 1832 and 1934. Of these 11, none of them are still alive today. The most famous deceased physicians include Leonid Rogozov, Eugene Botkin, and Nikolai Korotkov. As of April 2022, 3 new physicians have been added to Pantheon including Vladimir Filatov, Yevgeniy Chazov, and Peter Lesgaft.

Deceased Physicians

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Newly Added Physicians (2022)

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Overlapping Lives

Which Physicians were alive at the same time? This visualization shows the lifespans of the 9 most globally memorable Physicians since 1700.

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