1658 - 1718
Mary of Modena (Italian: Maria Beatrice Eleonora Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este; 5 October [O.S. 25 September] 1658 – 7 May [O.S. 26 April] 1718) was Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland as the second wife of James II and VII. A devout Catholic, Mary married the widower James, who was then the younger brother and heir presumptive of Charles II. She was devoted to James and their children, two of whom survived to adulthood: the Jacobite claimant to the thrones, James Francis Edward, and Louisa Maria Teresa.Born a princess of the northwestern Italian Duchy of Modena, Mary is primarily remembered for the controversial birth of James Francis Edward, her only surviving son. It was widely rumoured that he was smuggled into the birth chamber in a warming pan in order to perpetuate her husband's Catholic Stuart dynasty. James Francis Edward's birth was a contributing factor to the "Glorious Revolution", the revolution which deposed James II and VII, and replaced him with Mary II, a Protestant, James II's eldest daughter from his first marriage to Anne Hyde (1637–1671). Read more on Wikipedia
Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Mary of Modena has received more than 888,096 page views. Her biography is available in 37 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 34 in 2019). Mary of Modena is the 255th most popular companion (up from 266th in 2019), the 1,114th most popular biography from Italy (up from 1,133rd in 2019) and the 25th most popular Italian Companion.
Mary of Modena was the wife of James II and the daughter of the Duke of Modena. She is most famous for being the mother of James Francis Edward Stuart, who became known as the Old Pretender.
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Historical Popularity Index (HPI)
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Among companions, Mary of Modena ranks 255 out of 673. Before her are Alexandra of Yugoslavia, Bertha of Holland, Ildico, Sophie of Württemberg, Joan of Portugal, and Flavia Maximiana Theodora. After her are Alberto Granado, Milena Vukotić, Elizabeth of Bohemia, Irene Angelina, Constantina, and Maria Isabel of Braganza.
1921 - 1993
HPI: 61.24
Rank: 249
1055 - 1093
HPI: 61.22
Rank: 250
500 - Present
HPI: 61.20
Rank: 251
1818 - 1877
HPI: 61.20
Rank: 252
1439 - 1475
HPI: 61.20
Rank: 253
270 - 400
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 254
1658 - 1718
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 255
1922 - 2011
HPI: 61.13
Rank: 256
1848 - 1923
HPI: 61.10
Rank: 257
1292 - 1330
HPI: 61.03
Rank: 258
1181 - 1208
HPI: 61.02
Rank: 259
325 - 354
HPI: 60.98
Rank: 260
1797 - 1818
HPI: 60.96
Rank: 261
Among people born in 1658, Mary of Modena ranks 2. Before her is Giuseppe Torelli. After her are Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, Luigi Ferdinando Marsili, John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Ogata Kōrin, Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, Nicolas Coustou, Louis VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, and Elisabeth Eleonore of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Among people deceased in 1718, Mary of Modena ranks 4. Before her are Charles XII of Sweden, Blackbeard, and Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia. After her are William Penn, Stede Bonnet, Vincenzo Coronelli, Philippe de La Hire, Charles, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Jacques Ozanam, Margherita Maria Farnese, and Louis Frederick I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.
1658 - 1709
HPI: 63.70
Rank: 1
1658 - 1718
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 2
1658 - 1716
HPI: 60.85
Rank: 3
1658 - 1730
HPI: 56.69
Rank: 4
1658 - 1729
HPI: 55.19
Rank: 5
1658 - 1708
HPI: 54.50
Rank: 6
1658 - 1716
HPI: 54.20
Rank: 7
1658 - 1730
HPI: 52.91
Rank: 8
1658 - 1733
HPI: 52.47
Rank: 9
1658 - 1678
HPI: 52.14
Rank: 10
1658 - 1725
HPI: 50.66
Rank: 11
1658 - 1729
HPI: 47.35
Rank: 12
1682 - 1718
HPI: 76.95
Rank: 1
1680 - 1718
HPI: 73.75
Rank: 2
1690 - 1718
HPI: 66.93
Rank: 3
1658 - 1718
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 4
1645 - 1718
HPI: 60.45
Rank: 5
1688 - 1718
HPI: 57.40
Rank: 6
1650 - 1718
HPI: 56.90
Rank: 7
1640 - 1718
HPI: 53.56
Rank: 8
1652 - 1718
HPI: 51.38
Rank: 9
1640 - 1718
HPI: 50.85
Rank: 10
1664 - 1718
HPI: 49.91
Rank: 11
1667 - 1718
HPI: 49.69
Rank: 12
Among people born in Italy, Mary of Modena ranks 1,114 out of 4,668. Before her are Pier Luigi Nervi (1891), Lucius Accius (-170), Drusus Julius Caesar (-13), Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares (1587), Bianca Cappello (1548), and Giovanni Battista Re (1934). After her are Hiero I of Syracuse (-600), Bettino Craxi (1934), William III of Sicily (1185), Federico Barocci (1535), Princess Mafalda of Savoy (1902), and Giovanni Battista Viotti (1755).
1891 - 1979
HPI: 61.20
Rank: 1,108
170 BC - 84 BC
HPI: 61.18
Rank: 1,109
13 BC - 23
HPI: 61.18
Rank: 1,110
1587 - 1645
HPI: 61.18
Rank: 1,111
1548 - 1587
HPI: 61.17
Rank: 1,112
1934 - Present
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 1,113
1658 - 1718
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 1,114
600 BC - 466 BC
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 1,115
1934 - 2000
HPI: 61.14
Rank: 1,116
1185 - 1198
HPI: 61.13
Rank: 1,117
1535 - 1612
HPI: 61.12
Rank: 1,118
1902 - 1944
HPI: 61.12
Rank: 1,119
1755 - 1824
HPI: 61.11
Rank: 1,120
Among companions born in Italy, Mary of Modena ranks 25. Before her are Rachele Mussolini (1890), Clementia of Hungary (1293), Julia (-76), Constance of Sicily, Queen of Aragon (1249), Vibia Sabina (86), and Adelaide of Austria (1822). After her are Constantina (325), Julia Drusilla (39), Domitia Longina (100), Amélie of Leuchtenberg (1812), Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily (1804), and Bruttia Crispina (164).
1890 - 1979
HPI: 63.16
Rank: 19
1293 - 1328
HPI: 62.98
Rank: 20
76 BC - 54 BC
HPI: 62.94
Rank: 21
1249 - 1302
HPI: 62.14
Rank: 22
86 - 136
HPI: 61.96
Rank: 23
1822 - 1855
HPI: 61.92
Rank: 24
1658 - 1718
HPI: 61.16
Rank: 25
325 - 354
HPI: 60.98
Rank: 26
39 - 41
HPI: 60.85
Rank: 27
100 - 126
HPI: 59.95
Rank: 28
1812 - 1873
HPI: 59.91
Rank: 29
1804 - 1844
HPI: 59.75
Rank: 30
164 - 191
HPI: 59.40
Rank: 31