PHYSICIST

Ludwig Boltzmann

1844 - 1906

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Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪg ˈbɔlt͡sman]; February 20, 1844 – September 5, 1906) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher. His greatest achievements were the development of statistical mechanics, and the statistical explanation of the second law of thermodynamics. In 1877 he provided the current definition of entropy, S = k B ln ⁡ Ω {\displaystyle S=k_{\rm {B}}\ln \Omega \!} , interpreted as a measure of statistical disorder of a system. Read more on Wikipedia

Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Ludwig Boltzmann has received more than 942,379 page views. His biography is available in 70 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 68 in 2019). Ludwig Boltzmann is the 43rd most popular physicist (down from 38th in 2019), the 56th most popular biography from Austria (down from 45th in 2019) and the 4th most popular Austrian Physicist.

Ludwig Boltzmann is most famous for his kinetic theory of gases, which states that the kinetic energy of a gas is proportional to the number of molecules in the gas.

Memorability Metrics

  • 940k

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  • 79.04

    Historical Popularity Index (HPI)

  • 70

    Languages Editions (L)

  • 9.88

    Effective Languages (L*)

  • 3.62

    Coefficient of Variation (CV)

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Among PHYSICISTS

Among physicists, Ludwig Boltzmann ranks 43 out of 721. Before him are Wolfgang Pauli, Andrei Sakharov, Lise Meitner, Pieter Zeeman, Léon Foucault, and Philipp Lenard. After him are Paul Dirac, Hermann von Helmholtz, Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Christian Doppler, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, and William Gilbert.

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Contemporaries

Among people born in 1844, Ludwig Boltzmann ranks 11. Before him are Paul Verlaine, Anatole France, Mehmed V, Bernadette Soubirous, Henri Rousseau, and Ilya Repin. After him are Alexandra of Denmark, Umberto I of Italy, Peter I of Serbia, Mary Cassatt, Pablo de Sarasate, and Friedrich Ratzel. Among people deceased in 1906, Ludwig Boltzmann ranks 4. Before him are Paul Cézanne, Henrik Ibsen, and Pierre Curie. After him are Christian IX of Denmark, Archduke Otto of Austria, Élie Ducommun, Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Susan B. Anthony, Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann, Anton Arensky, and Georgy Gapon.

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Others Deceased in 1906

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In Austria

Among people born in Austria, Ludwig Boltzmann ranks 56 out of 1,075. Before him are Klara Hitler (1860), Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1608), Wolfgang Pauli (1900), Lise Meitner (1878), Otto Skorzeny (1908), and Emil Cioran (1911). After him are Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1903), Otto von Habsburg (1912), Martin Buber (1878), Anton Webern (1883), Christian Doppler (1803), and Alois Hitler (1837).

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Among PHYSICISTS In Austria

Among physicists born in Austria, Ludwig Boltzmann ranks 4. Before him are Erwin Schrödinger (1887), Wolfgang Pauli (1900), and Lise Meitner (1878). After him are Christian Doppler (1803), Victor Francis Hess (1883), Fritjof Capra (1939), Otto Robert Frisch (1904), Walter Kohn (1923), Victor Weisskopf (1908), Marian Smoluchowski (1872), and Marietta Blau (1894).

Austrian born Physicists

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